[85], The first Canadian Army units arrived in Britain in December 1939. This fact, coupled with the grandeur of the landscape, has been central to the sense of Canadian [332] Education is within provincial jurisdiction and the curriculum is overseen by the province. [441] The largest of these corporations is the country's national public broadcaster, the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation, which also plays a significant role in producing domestic cultural content, operating its own radio and TV networks in both English and French. The maple leaf is depicted on Canada's current and previous flags, and on the Arms of Canada. The border of Canada with the US is the longest bi-national land border in the world. With an area of 9,984,670 square km, it is the worlds second-largest country by total area, falling behind Russia, and just beating out China and the United States. Total cases. [156] Canada's 18 UNESCO Biosphere Reserves cover a total area of 235,000 square kilometres (91,000sqmi). [427] This progressed into three major themes that can be found within historical Canadian literature: nature, frontier life, and Canada's position within the world, all three of which tie into the garrison mentality. [21][22] The Paleo-Indian archeological sites at Old Crow Flats and Bluefish Caves are two of the oldest sites of human habitation in Canada. [335] Canada has a large number of universities, almost all of which are publicly funded. This spring, Hudson's Bay Company is set to open Zellers stores inside 25 The Bay locations across Canada. Total cases. [198] The Bank of Canada is the sole authority authorized to issue currency in the form of Canadian bank notes. Chris Bolin/The Globe and Mail. [80] The Indigenous peoples saw widespread famine and disease due to the loss of the bison and their traditional hunting lands. [320] Eightypercent of Canadian adults self-report having at least one major risk factor for chronic disease: smoking, physical inactivity, unhealthy eating or excessive alcohol use. [87] In 1919, Canada joined the League of Nations independently of Britain,[85] and the Statute of Westminster, 1931 affirmed Canada's independence. [406] Government policies such as publicly funded health care, higher taxation to redistribute wealth, the outlawing of capital punishment, strong efforts to eliminate poverty, strict gun control, a social liberal attitude toward women's rights (like pregnancy termination) and LGBTQ rights, legalized euthanasia and cannabis use are indicators of Canada's political and cultural values. [35] The Crown and Indigenous peoples began interactions during the European colonization period, though the Inuit, in general, had more limited interaction with European settlers. [281], Some of the most notable scientific developments in Canada include the creation of the modern alkaline battery,[282] Insulin,[283] and the polio vaccine[284] and discoveries about the interior structure of the atomic nucleus. [445] Canadian tax laws limit foreign competition in magazine advertising. [464] "The Maple Leaf Forever", written in 1866, was a popular patriotic song throughout English Canada and for many years served as an unofficial national anthem. From north to south it spans more than half the Northern Hemisphere. [225], Canada and the United States share the world's longest undefended border, co-operate on military campaigns and exercises, and are each other's largest trading partner. From east to west it stretches almost 4,700 miles (7,560 kilometers) across six time zones. One of North Americas largest urban green spaces, Stanley Park is revered for its dramatic forest-and-mountain oceanfront views. It is the worlds second-largest country by total area, although as a whole the country is sparsely populated. In addition, Canada is the single largest foreign supplier of energy to the United States. 2. Manitoba, Ontario, and Quebec allow for both English and French to be spoken in the provincial legislatures, and laws are enacted in both languages. [12], Upon Confederation in 1867, Canada was adopted as the legal name for the new country at the London Conference, and the word Dominion was conferred as the country's title. COVID-19 vaccines have helped protect us. It is to the north of the United States. [268] The Canada United States Free Trade Agreement (FTA) of 1988 eliminated tariffs between the two countries, while the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) expanded the free-trade zone to include Mexico in 1994 (later replaced by the CanadaUnited StatesMexico Agreement). [49] Among the colonists of New France, Canadiens extensively settled the Saint Lawrence River valley and Acadians settled the present-day Maritimes, while fur traders and Catholic missionaries explored the Great Lakes, Hudson Bay, and the Mississippi watershed to Louisiana. [471] Great achievements in Canadian sports are recognized by Canada's Sports Hall of Fame,[472] while the Lou Marsh Trophy is awarded annually to Canada's top athlete by a panel of journalists. [391][392] Canada has the second-largest national Sikh population, behind India. [211] Various treaties and case laws were established to mediate relations between Europeans and many Indigenous peoples. [260], In 2021, Canadian trade in goods and services reached $2.016trillion. Moving between provinces. Includes workplace eligibility, steps to apply, processing times, and what you need to do before you work in Canada. [364] Canada's federal government practices official bilingualism, which is applied by the commissioner of official languages in consonance with section 16 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms and the federal Official Languages Act. Canada holds the third largest oil reserves after Saudi Arabia and Venezuela, and is the only non-OPEC member in the top five. [58] It re-established the French language, Catholic faith, and French civil law there, staving off the growth of an independence movement in contrast to the Thirteen Colonies. [424], Canadian literature is often divided into French- and English-language literatures, which are rooted in the literary traditions of France and Britain, respectively. After a tumultuous first two seasons on the job, Matt Canada will return as the Pittsburgh Steelers' offensive coordinator in 2023, according to the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. ", "2015 federal budget 'disappointing' for post-secondary students: CFS", "Academic Ranking of World Universities 2019: Canada", "Government expenditure on education as% of GDP (%)", "Financial and human resources invested in Education", "Comparing countries' and economies' performances", "Canadian education among best in the world: OECD", "Canada Student performance (PISA 2015)", "The Canadian census: A rich portrait of the country's religious and ethnocultural diversity", "Ethnic or cultural origin by gender and age: Canada, provinces and territories, census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations with parts", "Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population Profile table Canada [Country] Total Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households 25% sample data", "The Daily The Canadian census: A rich portrait of the country's religious and ethnocultural diversity", "The Daily Indigenous population continues to grow and is much younger than the non-Indigenous population, although the pace of growth has slowed", "Visible Minorities and Aboriginal Peoples in Vancouver's Labour Market", "The Daily Immigrants make up the largest share of the population in over 150 years and continue to shape who we are as Canadians", "2021 Annual Report to Parliament on Immigration", Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada, "2006 Census: The Evolving Linguistic Portrait, 2006 Census: Highlights", Office of the Commissioner of Official Languages, International Journal of the Sociology of Language, "Indigenous Self-Determination: Is Canada as Good as it Gets? The earliest work of patriotic music in Canada, "The Bold Canadian", was written in 1812. [134] Canada is geologically active, having many earthquakes and potentially active volcanoes, notably Mount Meager massif, Mount Garibaldi, Mount Cayley, and the Mount Edziza volcanic complex. thng tin) cn gi l Gia N i) l quc gia c din tch ln th hai trn th gii, v nm cc bc ca Bc M. Includes workplace eligibility, steps to apply, processing times, and what you need to do before you work in Canada. [264], Canada's economic integration with the United States has increased significantly since World War II. [258] The country's average household disposable income per capita is "well above" the OECD average. Includes workplace eligibility, steps to apply, processing times, and what you need to do before you work in Canada. thng tin) cn gi l Gia N i) l quc gia c din tch ln th hai trn th gii, v nm cc bc ca Bc M. Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering over 9.98million square kilometres (3.85million square miles), making it the world's second-largest country by total area. Alberta and Saskatchewan became provinces in 1905. [122], By total area (including its waters), Canada is the second-largest country in the world, after Russia. Its advanced economy is the eighth-largest in the world, relying chiefly upon its abundant natural resources and well-developed international trade networks. Buy Victory Bonds". [450], The Canadian government has played a role in the development of Canadian culture through the department of Canadian Heritage, by giving grants to art galleries,[451] as well as establishing and funding art schools and colleges across the country, and through the Canada Council for the Arts (established in 1957), the national public arts funder, helping artists, art galleries and periodicals, and thus contributing to the development of Canada's cultural works. [196] The territorial legislatures also differ structurally from their provincial counterparts. [184][188][189] The use of the executive powers is directed by the Cabinet, a committee of ministers of the Crown responsible to the elected House of Commons and chosen and headed by the prime minister (at present Justin Trudeau),[190] the head of government. WebCanada is a country in North America.Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering over 9.98 million square kilometres (3.85 million square miles), making it the world's second-largest country by total area.Its southern and western border with the United States, stretching Visible minorities are defined by Statistics Canada as "persons, other than aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour". [230] Canada is noted for having a positive relationship with the Netherlands, owing, in part, to its contribution to the Dutch liberation during World War II. [482] The country is scheduled to co-host the 2026 FIFA World Cup alongside Mexico and the United States.[483]. [185] The monarch appoints a representative, the governor general, with the advice of the prime minister to carry out most of their federal royal duties in Canada. [30] The decline is attributed to several causes, including the transfer of European diseases, such as influenza, measles, and smallpox to which they had no natural immunity,[27][31] conflicts over the fur trade, conflicts with the colonial authorities and settlers, and the loss of Indigenous lands to settlers and the subsequent collapse of several nations' self-sufficiency. COVID-19 booster dose. Ottawa is its capital and Toronto is its largest city. [81] The federal government did provide emergency relief, on condition of the Indigenous peoples moving to the reserves. [18] The Act of Union 1840 merged the Canadas into a united Province of Canada and responsible government was established for all provinces of British North America east of Lake Superior by 1855. [474] Canadian teams in these leagues include seven franchises in the National Hockey League, as well as three Major League Soccer teams and one team in each of Major League Baseball and the National Basketball Association. [42] No further European exploration occurred until 1497, when Italian seafarer John Cabot explored and claimed Canada's Atlantic coast in the name of King Henry VII of England. Call us in Washington, D.C. at 1-888-407-4747 (toll-free in the United States and Canada) or 1-202-501-4444 (from all other countries) from 8:00 a.m. to 8:00 p.m., Eastern Standard Time, Monday through Friday (except U.S. federal holidays). [319] A 2016 report by the chief public health officer found that 88percent of Canadians, one of the highest proportions of the population among G7 countries, indicated that they "had good or very good health". [181][182][183][184] The reigning monarch is KingCharles III, who is also monarch of 14 other Commonwealth countries and each of Canada's 10 provinces. [305][306], Canada's population density, at 4.2 inhabitants per square kilometre (11/sqmi), is among the lowest in the world. To register, contact media@hrsdc-rhdcc.gc.ca with your name and media outlet before 10:00 a.m. EST on Thursday, January 19, 2023.Please indicate if attendance will be in-person or virtual. After a tumultuous first two seasons on the job, Matt Canada will return as the Pittsburgh Steelers' offensive coordinator in 2023, according to the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. [105], At the same time, Quebec underwent profound social and economic changes through the Quiet Revolution of the 1960s, giving birth to a secular nationalist movement. More details on the reporting schedule. [339], According to a 2019 report by the OECD, Canada is one of the most educated countries in the world;[340] the country ranks first worldwide in the percentage of adults having tertiary education, with over 56 percent of Canadian adults having attained at least an undergraduate college or university degree. [309] Fifty-onepercent of households are couples with or without children, 8.7percent are single-parent households, 2.9percent are multigenerational households, and 29.3percent are single-person households. [276] As of 2020[update], the country has produced fifteen Nobel laureates in physics, chemistry, and medicine,[277] and was ranked fourth worldwide for scientific research quality in a major 2012 survey of international scientists. thng tin) cn gi l Gia N i) l quc gia c din tch ln th hai trn th gii, v nm cc bc ca Bc M. [54] Mainland Nova Scotia came under British rule with the 1713 Treaty of Utrecht, and Canada and most of New France came under British rule in 1763 after the Seven Years' War. [139] The rate of warming has been higher across the North and in the Prairies. WebCanada - CBC News. Canada is also bounded by the Arctic Ocean to the north, by the Atlantic Ocean to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west. Learn about labour mobility between provinces and territories. 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