The astonishing challenge - to cross Antarctica from one coast to the other - didn't exactly go to plan and actually resulted in . At the age of thirteen, he entered Dulwich College. Shackleton's fellow-explorers expressed their admiration; Roald Amundsen wrote, in a letter to RGS Secretary John Scott Keltie, that "the English nation has by this deed of Shackleton's won a victory that can never be surpassed". [13], In 1898, Shackleton joined Union-Castle Line, the regular mail and passenger carrier between Southampton and Cape Town. Why is Shackleton famous? The "Great Southern Journey",[54] as Frank Wild called it, began on 29 October 1908. Hussey returned to South Georgia with the body on the steamer Woodville, and on 5 March 1922, Shackleton was buried in the Grytviken cemetery, South Georgia, after a short service in the Lutheran church,[131] with Edward Binnie officiating. [42] He also ventured into politics, unsuccessfully standing in the 1906 General Election as the Liberal Unionist Party's candidate for Dundee constituency in opposition to Irish Home Rule. "[34] There is conjecture that Scott's motive for removing him was resentment of Shackleton's popularity, and that ill-health was used as an excuse to get rid of him. The great polar explorer Sir Ernest Shackleton never achieved his goal of traversing the continent of Antarctica, but is remembered these days for something more extraordinary. Why did Ernest shackleton go to antarctica? [33] Although in public they remained mutually respectful and cordial,[36] according to biographer Roland Huntford, Shackleton's attitude to Scott turned to "smouldering scorn and dislike"; salvage of wounded pride required "a return to the Antarctic and an attempt to outdo Scott". Shackleton's will was proven in London on 12 May 1922. [69] The reality was that the expedition had left Shackleton deeply in debt, unable to meet the financial guarantees he had given to backers. (, Shackleton stood as political candidate in Dundee but finished fourth of five candidates, with 3,865 votes to the victor's 9,276. Another noted British explorer, Sir Ernest Shackleton, never reached the South Pole. His first three attempts were foiled by sea ice, which blocked the approaches to the island. During the Nimrod expedition of 19071909, he and three companions established a new record Farthest South latitude at 88S, only 97geographical miles (112statute miles or 180kilometres) from the South Pole, the largest advance to the pole in exploration history. [130] Leonard Hussey, a veteran of the Imperial Trans-Antarctic expedition, offered to accompany the body back to Britain; while he was in Montevideo en route to England, a message was received from Emily Shackleton asking that her husband be buried in South Georgia. [78] Public interest in the expedition was considerable; Shackleton received more than 5,000 applications to join it. For that reason, he was. This answer is: . 2 . When Shackleton returned to England in May 1917, Europe was in the midst of the First World War. After a period of rest and recuperation, rather than risk putting to sea again to reach the whaling stations on the northern coast, Shackleton decided to attempt a land crossing of the island. [142], In 1959, Alfred Lansing's Endurance: Shackleton's Incredible Voyage was published. Sir Ernest Henry Shackleton was an Anglo-Irish explorer of Antarctica who attempted to reach the South Pole. His people-centred approach to leadership can be a guide to anyone in a position of authority". An extended search for an anchorage at King Edward VII Land proved equally fruitless, so Shackleton was forced to break his undertaking to Scott and set sail for McMurdo Sound, a decision which, according to second officer Arthur Harbord, was "dictated by common sense" in view of the difficulties of ice pressure, coal shortage and the lack of any nearer known base. After a few days, with the position at 695'S, 5130'W, Shackleton gave the order to abandon ship, saying, "She's going down! The sledging party returned to the base camp in late February 1909, but they discovered that the Nimrod had set sail some two days earlier. [10] He was schooled by a governess until the age of eleven, when he began at Fir Lodge Preparatory School in West Hill, Dulwich, in southeast London. [51], It was noted that ice conditions were unstable, precluding the establishment of a safe base there. When did Neil Scott first go to Antarctica? [61], On Shackleton's return home, public honours were quickly forthcoming. March 24, 2002. On 9 January 1909, Shackleton and three companionsWild, Eric Marshall and Jameson Adamsreached a new Farthest South latitude of 8823'S, a point only 112 miles (180km) from the Pole. [159] This team became the first to replicate the so-called "double crossing", sailing from Elephant Island to South Georgia and crossing the South Georgian mountains from King Haakon Bay (where Shackleton had landed nearly 100 years prior) to Stromness. His exertions in raising funds to finance his expeditions and the immense strain of the expeditions themselves were believed to have worn out his strength. Earnest Shackleton first went to. EXPLORERS - ROALD AMUNDSEN. [149] In 2001, the Athy Heritage Centre-Museum (now the Shackleton Museum), Athy, County Kildare, Ireland, established the Ernest Shackleton Autumn School, which is held annually, to honour the memory of Ernest Shackleton. November 1st 1915 - After an attempt to march with boats and sleds, "Ocean Camp" is established a mile and a half from the Endurance. [76], Shackleton used his considerable fund-raising skills, and the expedition was financed largely by private donations, although the British government gave 10,000 (about 900,000 in 2019 terms). [33] He was in a seriously weakened condition; Wilson's diary entry for 14 January reads: "Shackleton has been anything but up to the mark, and today he is decidedly worse, very short winded and coughing constantly, with more serious symptoms that need not be detailed here but which are of no small consequence one hundred and sixty miles from the ship". [40] On 9 April 1904, he married Emily Dorman, with whom he had three children: Raymond, Cecily, and Edward, himself an explorer and later a politician.[41]. [46] Before leaving England, he had been pressured to give an undertaking to Scott that he would not base himself in the McMurdo area, which Scott was claiming as his own field of work. For the next two years, he kept his crew of 27 men . In 1905, Shackleton became a shareholder in a speculative company that aimed to make a fortune transporting Russian troops home from the Far East. In August 1914 the British Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition (191416) left England under Shackletons leadership. The harrowing tale of British explorer Ernest Shackleton's 1914 attempt to reach the South Pole, one of the greatest adventure stories of the modern age. [84], Despite the outbreak of the First World War on 3 August 1914, Endurance was directed by the First Lord of the Admiralty, Winston Churchill, to "proceed",[g] and left British waters on 8 August. 2d. A century ago a ship sank beneath the ice of the Weddell Sea off Antarctica. [88], On 24 February, realising that she would be trapped until the following spring, Shackleton ordered the abandonment of ship's routine and her conversion to a winter station. They set sail again on New Year's Day, 1908. [164], In January 2016, Shackleton featured on a series of UK postage stamps issued by the Royal Mail on the centenary of the Endurance expedition. [155] That same year, on the date of what would have been Shackleton's 137th birthday, Google honoured him with a Google Doodle. Shackleton immediately sent a boat to pick up the three men from the other side of South Georgia while he set to work to organise the rescue of the Elephant Island men. The march was, Scott wrote later, "a combination of success and failure". Sadly, Shackleton died of a heart attack, one month shy of his 48th birthday while moored in South Georgia. [156] Asteroid 289586 Shackleton, discovered by Swiss amateur astronomer Michel Ory in 2005, was named in his memory. Shackleton and Scott stayed on friendly terms, at least until the publication of Scott's account of the southern journey in The Voyage of the Discovery. [105], On the following day, they were able, finally, to land on the unoccupied southern shore. This was the first of a number of books about Shackleton that began to appear, showing him in a highly positive light. On January 4, 1922, Ernest Shackleton's ship, the Quest, finally reached South Georgia, an ice-capped island in the South Atlantic Ocean. [157] Also in 2013, a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the Teloschistaceae family was published as Shackletonia by botanists Schting, Frdn & Arup. In tribute to their achievement, he wrote: "I do not know how they did it, except that they had tothree men of the heroic age of Antarctic exploration with 50feet of rope between themand a carpenter's adze".[108]. [120] Shackleton returned to England in early March 1919, full of plans for the economic development of Northern Russia. Meanwhile, a second ship, the Aurora, would take a supporting party under Captain Aeneas Mackintosh to McMurdo Sound on the opposite side of the continent. Why did Earnest Shackleton go to Antarctica? Alternate titles: Sir Ernest Henry Shackleton. He still harboured thoughts of returning south, even though in September 1910, having recently moved with his family to Sheringham in Norfolk, he wrote to Emily: "I am never again going South and I have thought it all out and my place is at home now". Why did Sir Ernest Shackleton go to Antarctica? [101] McNish had clashed with Shackleton during the time when the party was stranded on the ice, but, while Shackleton did not forget the carpenter's earlier insubordination, Shackleton recognised his value for this particular job. [91] On 21 November 1915, the wreck finally slipped beneath the surface. Leaving McNish, Vincent and McCarthy at the landing point on South Georgia, Shackleton travelled 32 miles (51km)[97] with Worsley and Crean over extremely dangerous mountainous terrain for 36hours to reach the whaling station at Stromness on 20 May. Upon his death, he was lauded in the press but was thereafter largely forgotten, while the heroic reputation of his rival Scott was sustained for many decades. [7], In 1880, when Ernest was six, Henry Shackleton gave up his life as a landowner to study medicine at Trinity College, Dublin (TCD), moving his family to the city. On the Endurance, the second in command was the experienced explorer Frank Wild. But when ice trapped his ship Endurance, his mission instantly changed from exploration to pure survival. Updates? He thought seriously of going to the Beaufort Sea area of the Arctic, a largely unexplored region, and raised some interest in this idea from the Canadian government. 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