Pianist and composer, he developed a "cool" modern jazz alternative to bop that drew upon the styles of Lester Young and Johann Sebastian Bach. Lester Young was unique, just as original and fascinating a musician as he was a human being. "Body and Soul" Jammin' the Blues was a movie featuring jazz soloists. Albert insisted upon a strict code of conduct in court, and he urged Victoria to voice her opinions among members of the executive cabinet. An antonym has the opposite, or nearly the opposite, meaning of another word. During the following eight years, the Young family band toured with circuses and carniwal shows from Pensacola, FL to Seattle, WA during the summer seasons (April to November),toMinneapolis, MN inthe winter seasons. Under Albert's guidance, Victoria, protecting her dwindling rights as monarch, demonstrated increasingly conservative politics during an era that saw the birth of tradition-challenging ideas such as nationalism, liberalism, democracy, and socialism. Here he reveals himself as a full-blown, mature musician, devoid of any signs of nervousness or reserve. Lester Young was influenced by the lighter, vibratoless sound of which earlier saxophonist? He led the most stable and longest-lived band, he wrote parts based on the unique sounds and capabilities of each player in his band, and he is widely considered the most prolific composer-arranger in jazz history. Paul Quinichette modeled his style so closely on Young's that he was sometimes referred to as the "Vice Prez" (sic). As a vocalist, Billie Holiday was strongly influenced by. Lester could -in his introductions - create a mood that perfectly would fit Holidays vocal. Although women found a more accepted place in America's workforce during World War II, only a few female musicians made names for themselves in the realm of jazz. [14] Based in Ft. McClellan, Alabama, Young was found with marijuana and alcohol among his possessions. Young is a major character in English writer Geoff Dyer's 1991 fictional book about jazz, But Beautiful. Seiten: what fundamental element of music may be defined as "the succession of articulated durations"? Smithers Meme Generator, Prp Horse Treatment Cost, [23] On January 31, 2008, Sady Sullivan conducted an oral history interview with Dr. Lester W. Young Jr.[24] At approximately 1:10:00 he speaks about his father, listening to jazz, learning to play, and how having a famous father did not convey any favours. The anxieties of a teenage queen could easily have sent the British public into a panic, but Victoria's inborn strength and aplomb brought stability and security to her nation, and her subjects **revered** her. The Communist Manifesto appeared, also in $1848$, and the philosophy therein served as the inspiration for revolts around the world for the next century. "Body and Soul" Jammin' the Blues was. -marketed to African Americans in late 20s to early 40s, First blues hit record by Mamie Smith in 1920, Instrumentalists tend to model their sound on the flexibility and expressiveness of the voice, and singers imitated the rhythmic freedom of instrumentalists, Singers mostly concentrate on melody, with improvisation left to the instrumentalists, middle ground between jazz and popular commercial music, reached a wider audience as a singer than with his trumpet, Many dance and swing bands had a vocalist - very popular with audiences, -Born Eleanora Fagan in Philadelphia, raised in Baltimore, left to the care of abusive relatives, -One of most influential jazz singers and favorite among jazz musicians, -Manipulated rhythms of melody like Armstrong, -Outstanding vocal virtuoso, near-flawless technique, -Early days similar to Billie Holiday - poverty, broken family, reform school, -Among the most widely admired pianists in jazz, adding and changing chords during performance, One of the most important functions for swing bands, Public appeal often based on personality and looks of singer, songs the public knew and dance beat - more than the jazz quality of the music - appeal to the eyes and feet instead of just the ears, -Improvisations are complex - jumpy, arpeggios, twists and turns, syncopated, Bebop developed in legendary jam sessions at this place in Harlem, with Thelonious Monk, Kenny Clarke, Charlie Christian, Charlie Parker, and Dizzy Gillespie, To keep inexperienced players out of Minton's they would play at ridiculously fast tempos or unfamiliar keys, -influential bebop drummer - shifted pulse to ride cymbal, -August 1, 1942, American Federation of Musicians strike over disagreements on royalty payments, -Wrote many tunes that became the musical language of bebop - most based on chord progressions borrowed from other popular songs, known as bebop's "head and hands" and the "one who kept it all together", Progression of great jazz trumpet innovators. The concert was a success, and a couple of months later Granz hired Lester again. Hendersons musicians were used to the big tenor sound of Coleman Hawkins, but Lesters sound was lighter and thinner. His experience inspired his composition "D.B. Some of our national *(heros, heroes)* have served aboard submarines. He sold newspapers and shined shoes. Philip took several concubines during his reign, one of whom was Cleopatra, the daughter of a Macedonian aristocrat. Lester Young's light lyricism foreshadowed. Distributed solos using. in the blank. Whose creative process most closely resembles your own-the student in "Theme for English B," the daughter in "The Writer," or the painter in "The Artist"? a movie featuring jazz soloists. Regent Young is First African American to Serve as Chancellor The Board of Regents today unanimously elected Dr. Lester W. Young, Jr. as Chancellor, the first African American to serve in this position, the State Education Department announced. England enjoyed a period of relative stability, while revolutionary passions ran their course through the rest of the world. Which word would be the best antonym for ascetic as it appears in line $13$ of the second passage? That year Norman Granz gave him one and urged him to play it (with far different results at that stage in Young's lifesee below). [7] Young left the family band in 1927 at the age of 18 because he refused to tour in the Southern United States, where Jim Crow laws were in effect and racial segregation was required in public facilities. Lionel Hampton, Ben Webster, and Chu Berry. I can't stand that loud noise. After Young's clarinet was stolen in 1939, he abandoned the instrument until about 1957. Henderson had an all-star band, he pitted the saxes against the brass and perfected techniques of block voicing, and his reputation as an arranger grew for his work with Benny Goodman's band, Two of the most prominent guitarists of the swing era include, The most frequently used saxophones in the 1930s big bands included, Swing jazz differed from early jazz because, The preferred instrumentation for swing was big band rather than combo, collective improvisation was rare in swing, and sax were more common in swing. FALSE Although many musicians participated in the bebop revolution, and history has undoubtedly forgotten many who were in the trenches of the Harlem jam sessions, it is clear that the most important and influential architects of . With whose big band did Ella Fitzgerald sing at the beginning of her career? Occasionally, he was known to also play the clarinet. Some see the two as products of their geographical location - cool jazz and the relaxed California scene and hard bop with the bustling New York City life, Also "funky jazz," "soul jazz," and "post bop", -A reaction to the cool jazz movement Essentially bebop with a harder edge, -1948: Columbia Records patented 12 in. He emerged from this treatment improved. Around July 15, 1934 Lester moved back to Kansas City to join Andy Kirk and His Twelve Clouds of Joy, while Webster left that band to join Henderson. Seine Mutter war eine Schullehrerin kreolischen Ursprungs. American swing musicians were celebrated in _______, where their performances were embraced as the dissident music of liberation. Lester married three times. She gave Lester the nickname "Prez" after President Franklin Roosevelt, the "greatest man around" in Billie's mind. Over the span of multiple decades, Young gigged with leading lights in the jazz scene while leaving his own imprint on the genre itself. When he was 18, Lester left the family. His playing showed reliance on a small number of clichd phrases and reduced creativity and originality, despite his claims that he did not want to be a "repeater pencil" (Young coined this phrase to describe the act of repeating one's own past ideas). The first great electric guitarist in jazz was: This singer won a talent show at the Apollo Theater at age 17 and was the featured singer with the Chick Webb Orchestra at the Savoy Ballroom. Although women found a more accepted place in America's workforce during World War II, only a few female musicians made names for themselves in the realm of jazz. Due to illness he was forced to cut short the engagement, and he flew back to New York, where he died the following day, March 15. D. cheap A poetic meditation on the last year of tenor saxophonist Lester Young's life, of joyful playing and self-willed dying. What was Billie Holiday's nickname? a Gypsy guitarist of stunning originality. The most harmonically daring and influential trumpeter of the Swing Era was. Lester Young Quartet with John Lewis (2) & Hank Jones Lester Young Quartet with John Lewis (2) & Hank Jones - Collates (CD, Comp, Mono, Ltd, RE, RM, Dig) Essential Jazz Classics His father led a touring band, in which Lester first played the drums. So much that she invited him to move in with her and her mother instead of staying with the Hendersons as earlier. Swing era soloists enjoyed playing in small combos as well as big bands. In August 1944, Young appeared alongside drummer Jo Jones, trumpeter Harry "Sweets" Edison, and fellow tenor saxophonist Illinois Jacquet in Gjon Mili's short film Jammin' the Blues. Young's playing style influenced many other tenor saxophonists, including Stan Getz, as well as Zoot Sims, Al Cohn, Warne Marsh, as well as baritone saxophonist Gerry Mulligan and alto saxophonists Lee Konitz, and Paul Desmond. Which of the following refers to the rhythmic, improvised accompaniment on piano? Coleman Hawkins was a pioneer on the ______ saxophone. He came to prominence with Count Basie's orchestra Product details Product Dimensions : 5.61 x 0.38 x 4.99 inches; 2.88 Ounces Then write the tense of the verb in the space provided.\ a 1944 short film featuring a jazz improvisation. The term "cool"was also his invention and he was a master in creating nicknames that struck. Thisturned into a new style, called bebop. What meaning does the allusion, or reference, to the biblical Tower of Babel add to the description of the Carbide Tower of Buna? Below is a pair of reading passages followed by several multiple-choice question. Who was known as the "First Lady of Swing". It was a reunion with Holiday, with whom he had lost contact over the years. *The following passages describe circumstances surrounding the lives of two different young rulers. In February 1945, he was court martialed for possessing drugs like barbiturates and marihuana and was sentenced to the United States Military Barracks in Fort Gordon, Georgia for a period of one year with hard labor and dishounorable discharge. Young was the subject and inspiration of Prez. The legendary "Father of Jazz," he is regarded as one of the great pioneering New Orleans jazz musicians, but he was never recorded. [30] Another slang term he is rumoured to have popularized was the term "bread" for money. Take this quiz to find out whether youre hitting the right notes, or if you need to warm up a bit more. Young also recorded extensively in the late 1940s for Aladdin Records (1945-1947, where he had made the Cole recordings in 1942) and for Savoy (1944, 1949 and 1950), some sessions of which included Basie on piano. Lester Young Quintet - (Back Home Again in) Indiana (1944)Personnel: Lester Young (tenor sax), Count Basie (piano), Freddie Green (guitar), Rodney Richardson. Lester took a short leave in October to play with Louie Metcalf and Billie Holiday in New York before he returned to Kansas City shortly before the Basie band went out of town. One story that demonstrates young Alexander's precocious nature is that of Alexander and his horse, Bucephalus. pch activation code 2022. ford ranger throttle position sensor reset. true. Here he was recruited by Al Sears to play in his big band, which after a monthlong stay at the Renaissance Casino, toured military bases all over the United States for USO until October 1943 when Sears broke up the band. Lester Young. She also retained the propriety and restraint inculcated in her youth, demonstrating the values which, emulated by English society, are cataloged today as distinctly Victorian. Blues" (with D.B. Also some of his favorite songs were renamed, among others Just You, Just Me which in his mouth became Justus, Please, while Three Little Words was called Three Little Turds. How were the great awakening and enlightenment different. In 1952 he was featured on Lester Young with the Oscar Peterson Trio, released in 1954 on Norgran. Young left the Basie band in late 1940. Paperback - June 1, 2000. Kansas City swing. It. They thought that the saxophone section lacked a proper bottom, because his tenor sounded almost like an alto. In 1959, at the age of fifty, jazz greaet Lester Younga lyrical player, his airy tone haunted by a breathy melancholydied alone in the Arvin Hotel in Manhattan. Lester was always playing during these years. It was in a small setting with trumpeter Carl Tatti Smith, Count Basie, Walter Page, Jo Jones and singer Jimmy Rushing and when the recordings came out, they created a sensasion. One of Fletcher Henderson's major contributions to the Swing style was the way he structured his band. But one conclusion was inescapable: that Lester Young was not only the star of the evening but . had a light sound, played rhythmically unpredictable phrases, and spoke a special slang. One of the first vibraphonists, he established own orchestra after a sideman stint with Benny Goodman. Recorded on a home recorder. Several different rhythms sounding at the same time. Alexa Routines Multiple Conditions, He got a fine and soft tone with his horn, and it became very famous in the late 1930s. Lester Young often commented that "I feel a draught" when he sensed a racist atmosphere, and his personality became radically more insular after the abuse he suffered in the US army in 1945.. A clarinetist and soprano saxophonist, he was one of the great early New Orleans jazz musicians, known for his blues-infused improvisations. In contrast to many of his hard-driving peers, Young played with a relaxed, cool tone and used . Which statements are true about Fletcher Henderson's band? Early Years in New Orleans and the Family Band. Lester Young was one of the most important saxophone players in jazz. cost). In January 1928, the Young family band went on tour, but Lester left in Salinas, KS where he joined Art Bronsons Bostonians. Classic Columbia, OKeh, and Vocalion Lester Young with Count Basie 1936-1940 (Set is out-of-print) By: Alan Goodman "Irrespective of tempo, his melodic invention was always strange and haunting. Lester stayed with Basie until late 1940. Holiday always insisted their relationship was strictly platonic. From around 1951, Young's level of playing declined more precipitously as his drinking increased. The British Grenadiers Lyrics, After Napoleon was finally silenced at the battle of Waterloo in $1815$, the Congress of Vienna restored the monarchy in France. The work was subsequently adapted for the theater, and was staged in November of that year at the Manhattan Theater Club, New York City, with a four-piece jazz combo led by Dwight Andrews.[33]. His first marriage was to Beatrice Tolliver, in Albuquerque, on 23 February 1930. He made a habit of leaving, working, then going home. By the time he was ten, he had learned the basics of trumpet, violin, and drums, and joined the Young Family Band touring with carnivals and playing in regional cities in the Southwest[6][2], In his teens he and his father clashed, and he often left home for long periods. The other night Benny Goodman, Basie, Lester Young, Jo Jones, Buck Clayton and Harry James got together in a small Harlem joint and jammed from two-fifteen to six in the morning. "[12] As well as the Kansas City Sessions, his clarinet work from 193839 is documented on recordings with Basie, Billie Holiday, Basie small groups, and the organist Glenn Hardman. Write a one-page paper exploring how genocide or ethnic cleansing changed a specific countrys landscape in Africa or the Middle East after 1945. This musician steadfastly fought racism, organizing the first integrated and international orchestra in jazz history. Philoneicus of Thessaly presented a horse to sell to Philip, but none of Philip's farmhands could handle the wild Bucephalus. Disaronno Velvet For Sale, Arrangements that were learned by ear and kept in the heads of players were called, Precise playing and playing ride rhythms on the hi-hat, After the 1940s, Basie's band was known for, An emphasis on simplicity and swing feeling, contrasting loud and soft dynamic levels, and using riffs rather than complex arrangements, Backgrounds for solos and theme statements, The hallmark of Count Basie's playing style are, Evenness and balance of sound, an excellent sense of tempo, and placing an even amount of stress on each beat, Some of the most significant recordings in history were made by small combinations of Basie band members called, Jones-Smith Inc. and The Kansas City Five, Count Basie was originally a stride pianist and took lessons from, Tenor saxophonist Lester Young was known for, A light tone and slow vibrato, improvising new/singable melodies, and well-paced solos that had a storytelling quality, "Prez" was the nickname for tenor saxophonist, Count Basie's accompaniment style constituted one of the first examples of, This bassist became widely known through the recordings he made with Miles Davis between 1955 and 1963, Guitarist Kenny Burrell is particularly well-known for his soulful playing on bluesy albums made with original, Miles Davis' Birth of the Cool sessions included, a standard rhythm section of piano/bass/drums, the use of French horn and tuba, and alto saxophonist Lee Konitz and baritone saxophonist Gerry Mulligan, His lines voiced in octaves and using his thumb instead of a pick, The father of the cool style for big band was, This bassist is best remembered for his work with Cannonball Adderley's groups of 1957 and 1966, This baritone saxophonist moved to California and led a piano-less quartet, Tenor saxophonist Sonny Rollins was known for, The rhythm section Miles Davis used from 1963 to 1968 consisted of, Davis' kind of Blue album is considered historically significant because it, Introduced an entire generation to mode-based formats, The rhythm section Miles Davis used from 1959 to 1963 consisted of, Davis' 1956 recordings Steamin', Cookin', Workin', and Relaxin' are considered examples of, Tenor saxophonist John Coltrane, pianist Red Garland, bassist Paul Chambers, and drummer "Philly Joe" Jones were all members of Davis'. First stop on the East-bound tour was Grand Terrace in Chicago and it was during this engagement that Lester recorded for the first time. Back in New York again in June they played the Apollo Theater, the only job for the following month, so Lester had much time to check out the musical pulse of the city. [29], Lester Young is said to have popularized use of the term "cool" to mean something fashionable. Lady Day. Lester Willis Young was born in 1909 in Woodville, Mississippi. One of these items ships sooner than the other. Byron Almen, Dorothy Payne, Stefan Kostka, Using the Past of Irregular Verbs. During this period Young accompanied the singer Billie Holiday in a couple of studio sessions (19371941) and also made a small set of recordings with Nat "King" Cole (their first of several collaborations) in June 1942.
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