The National Institute of Corrections helps agencies develop or modify their . Sofia is ranked as Beta- global city by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network. Prison Classification. Inmate Classification - Policies Classification The Ohio Department of Rehabilitation and Correction maintains a uniform and objective classification level system that places incarcerated individuals in the appropriate facility to ensure the safety and security of other incarcerated individuals and staff, the institution, and the community. Factors considered include, but are not limited to: Individuals will be placed at the lowest level of security possible that is still sufficient to ensure the safety and security of persons, the institution, and the community. [43][44] Fog is not unusual, especially in the beginning of the season. The city is built west of the Iskar river, and has many mineral springs, such as the Sofia Central Mineral Baths. As the city grew outwards, the then-new neighbourhoods were dominated by many concrete tower blocks, prefabricated panel apartment buildings and examples of Brutalist architecture. It is situated in the Sofia Valley at the foot of the Vitosha mountain in the western parts of the country. The physical security requirements for Level 4 may vary based on the overall physical structure of the facility. Sofia Airport provides travelers with convenient connections to all major European cities, and from the central train station and bus station, passengers can reach every destination in the country. Sofia was declared the national capital in 1879. Odeon (not part of the Odeon Cinemas chain) shows exclusively European and independent American films, as well as 20th century classics. It takes its source in Rila, Bulgaria's highest mountain,[41] and enters Sofia Valley near the village of German. [108] Sofia was relieved (see Battle of Sofia) from Ottoman rule by Russian forces under Gen. Iosif Gurko on 4 January 1878. Near Sofia, in the Vitosha, Lozen, and Stara Planina (Central Balkan) Mountains, over the centuries so many monasteries have been founded that they came to be known as Sofias Holy Mountains. Sofia's development as a significant settlement owes much to its central position in the Balkans. When it comes to the cityscape, 16th century sources mention eight Friday mosques, three public libraries, numerous schools, 12 churches, three synagogues, and the largest bedesten (market) of the Balkans. Serdica became part of the First Bulgarian Empire during the reign of Khan Krum in 809, after a long siege. This document also provides guidelines for designing a classification system specifically for women. Consulted online on 23 January 2018. During the Second World War, Bulgaria declared war on the US and UK on 13 December 1941 and in late 1943 and early 1944 the US and UK Air forces conducted bombings over Sofia. In 2015 seven new stations were opened and the underground extended to Sofia Airport on its Northern branch and to Business Park Sofia on its Southern branch. During that time Sofia was the largest import-export-base in modern-day Bulgaria for the caravan trade with the Republic of Ragusa. [107] There was an important uprising against Ottoman rule in Sofia, Samokov and Western Bulgaria in 1737. Level 3 - The security level that is the next degree higher than Level 2, and requires more security/supervision than Level 2, but less than Level 4. [132], Under Bulgaria's centralised political system, Sofia concentrates much of the political and financial resources of the country. The infant mortality rate was 5.6 per 1,000, down from 18.9 in 1980. Unlike most European capitals, Sofia does not straddle any large river, but is surrounded by comparatively high mountains on all sides. It seems that the first written mention of Serdica was made during his reign and the last mention was in the 19th century in a Bulgarian text (, Sardaki). Cyril and Methodius National Library are located in Sofia. [188] All major types of transport (except water) are represented in the city. [202] The municipality was known for minor and cosmetic repairs and many streets are in a poor condition. The city expanded and became a significant political and economical centre, more so as it became one of the first Roman cities where Christianity was recognised as an official religion (under Galerius). Fourteen chapters comprise this guide: introduction; role, purpose, and characteristics of the jail; administration; facilities; staffing and scheduling; staff recruiting, selection, and retention; staff training; security, safety, and emergency preparedness; inmate behavior management; inmate discipline and grievance; special management; inmate services and programs; jail intake and release; and getting started on the job. [84][85][86] The ancient city is located between TZUM, Sheraton Hotel and the Presidency. [74] However, a report by the European Court of Auditors issued in September 2018 revealed that Sofia has not drafted any projects to reduce air pollution from heating. The birth rate per 1000 people was 12.3 per mile and steadily increasing in the last 5 years, the death rate reaching 12.1 per mile and decreasing. ERH - A security level for individuals who commit or lead others to commit violent, disruptive, predatory, riotous actions, or who otherwise pose a serious threat to the security of the institution as set forth in the established ERH criteria. Strictly Necessary Cookie should be enabled at all times so that we can save your preferences for cookie settings. "The Cambridge Ancient History", Volume 3, Part 2: Mihailov, G., Thracians, Sofia, 1972, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, quote in Bulgarian: . Being a pedestrian zone, it is a very pleasant place for strolling and relaxation. For example, one of the citys most popular venues for business forums and trade fairs is the National Palace of Culture. This guide to OJC is intended for both jail administrators and other officials involved in local criminal justice system issues. Borisov Park is right in the center of the city, and South Park is next to the National Palace of Culture. The Slavic name Sredets (), which is related to "middle" (, "sreda") and to the city's earliest name, first appeared on paper in an 11th-century text. These remains are exhibited in the underpass connecting the Presidential Palace and The Ministerial Council, surrounded by shops selling traditional Bulgarian souvenirs and rosewater. Founded thousands of years ago, today the city continues to develop as the country's cultural and economic center. Directly across from the church is The National Gallery of Art, which often exhibits works by world-famous artists. The architecture of Sofia's centre is thus a combination of Neo-Baroque, Neo-Rococo, Neo-Renaissance and Neoclassicism, with the Vienna Secession also later playing an important part, but it is most typically Central European. Petka Samardzhiyska Church is built in the 11th century. [146] Over the past two decades, numerous independent cinemas have closed and most shows are in shopping centre multiplexes. Ivanova, Svetlana, "ofya", in: Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition, Edited by: P. Bearman, Th. [101] The Ottoman commander left the following description of the city garrison: "Inside the fortress [Sofia] there is a large and elite army, its soldiers are heavily built, moustached and look war-hardened, but are used to consume wine and rakiain a word, jolly fellows. Line 1 provides a connection to Plovdiv, the second-largest city in Bulgaria, while Line 2 is the longest national railway and connects Sofia and Varna, the largest coastal city. The species of flora in the park are particularly rich and varied. Sofia is Bulgaria's capital and its largest city. [190], Public transport is well-developed with bus (2,380km (1,479mi)),[191] tram (308km (191mi))[192] and trolleybus (193km (120mi))[193] lines running in all areas of the city. Sofia was selected as the capital of the Third Bulgarian State in the next year, ushering a period of intense demographic and economic growth. After World War II and the establishment of a Communist government in Bulgaria in 1944, the architectural style was substantially altered. Armeets Arena holds many indoor events and has a capacity of up to 19,000 people depending on its use. It is one of ODRCs central principles to treat people differently based on their conduct while incarcerated. Inmates incarcerated in the ADOC will be classified into groups by security level, custody, and program needs as defined in the ADOC Classification Manual. According to the director of Sofia District Police Directorate, the largest share of the crimes are thefts, making up 62.4% of all crimes in the capital city. Any detainee who cannot be classified because of missing information at the time The Vitosha Nature Park (the oldest national park in the Balkans)[118] includes most of Vitosha mountain and covers an area of 266 square kilometres (103sqmi),[119] with roughly half of it lying within the municipality of Sofia. The Ethnographic Museum and the Museum of Military History hold large collections of Bulgarian folk costumes and armaments, respectively. Sofia is the 13th largest city in the European Union. [198] The master plan for the Sofia Metro includes three lines with a total of 63 stations. Without a doubt, one of the most beautiful buildings in Sofia is the Ivan Vazov National Theater. In 1858 Nedelya Petkova created the first Bulgarian school for women in the city. The Iskar flows north toward the Balkan Mountains, passing between the eastern city suburbs, next to the main building and below the runways of Sofia Airport, and flows out of the Sofia Valley at the town of Novi Iskar, where the scenic Iskar Gorge begins.[42]. [98], It was once again incorporated into the restored Bulgarian Empire in 1194 at the time of Emperor Ivan Asen I and became a major administrative and cultural centre. Inmates designated as a verified Security Risk Group member are classified as level three. It is situated in western Bulgaria, at the northern foot of the Vitosha mountain, in the Sofia Valley that is surrounded by the Balkan mountains to the north. ", "Bulgarian Crime Where killing is a habit", "BBC NEWS Europe Romania and Bulgaria join the EU", Crime Rates in Bulgaria's Sofia on the Rise, " 10 000 , 7000 ", "UPDATE: Stallone Returning to NU BOYANA Film Studios in Bulgaria for 'Rambo 5', "Journey.bg History of the Sofia velodrome", "Swimming pools in Sofia (including Spa centers)", "Population | National statistical institute", " ", "Population and Demographic Processes in 2014 (Final data) National statistical institute", "Sofia ranks 30th in GDP/capita, employment growth 20132014 global report", "Global Metro Monitor An Uncertain recovery", "10 Top Cities Around The World To Launch Your Startup", "Regional gross domestic product (PPS per inhabitant at current market prices), by NUTS 3 regions", "Average monthly wages and salaries of the employees under labour contract by statistical regions and districts", "Coca-Cola Opens Its 2nd Largest Globally IT Center in Sofia", "VMware to invest 23M and Grow the Site in Sofia to over 1500 People", "Bosch Group Officially Opened its New Office in Sofia", "Financial Times Expands Its Team in Sofia", "The Software Company Experian Opened its New Office Building in Sofia", "American Control System Solutions Manufacturer Woodward Opens Production in Sofia", "Festo to Invest 25.6 mln. In 1530 Sofia became the capital of the Ottoman province (beylerbeylik) of Rumelia for about three centuries. All facility staff assigned to classification duties shall be adequately trained in the facility's classification process. [25], The population of Sofia declined from 70,000 in the late 18th century, through 19,000 in 1870, to 11,649 in 1878, after which it began increasing. [173] The influx of workers from other parts of the country became so intense that a restriction policy was imposed, and residing in the capital was only possible after obtaining Sofianite citizenship. On the lower slopes of Mount Vitosha, in the Boyana District, is located the National Museum of History, with its collection from prehistoric times to the present day. In 1018, the Byzantines ended Bulgarian rule until 1194, when it was reincorporated by the reborn Bulgarian Empire. [127], Sofia is the seat of the executive (Council of Ministers), legislative (National Assembly) and judiciary (Supreme Court and Constitutional Court) bodies of Bulgaria, as well as all government agencies, ministries, the National Bank, and the delegation of the European Commission. Their inmate to correctional officer ratio is a lot higher than the previous two security levels. [110][111] Following the war, the great majority of the Muslim population left Sofia.[101]. Popov, Dimitar (ed.). Serdica Peak on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica is named after Serdica. [160][161], According to the 2011 census, throughout the whole municipality some 892,511 people (69.1%) are recorded as Eastern Orthodox Christians, 10,256 (0.8%) as Protestant, 6,767 (0.5%) as Muslim, 5,572 (0.4%) as Roman Catholic, 4,010 (0.3%) belonged to other faith and 372,475 (28.8%) declared themselves irreligious or did not mention any faith. In addition, Sofia hosted EuroBasket 1957 and the 1961 and 1977 Summer Universiades, as well as the 1983 and 1989 winter editions. Objective jail classification (OJC) is a process of assessing every jail inmate's custody and program needs and is considered one of the most important management tools available to jail administrators and criminal justice system planners. Sofia is one of the most visited tourist destinations in Bulgaria alongside coastal and mountain resorts. Sofia is also home to Bulgarias most prestigious and largest educational institutions universities, colleges, and middle schools that offer solidly-grounded, up-to-date instruction in such disciplines as Architecture, Medicine, The Humanities, Engineering, Music and Choreography, and Fine Arts. Boev, Zlatozar. The city became an inseparable part of The First Bulgarian Empire (7th-9th centuries) under Han Omurtag (reign 814-831). Prisoner Type Pretrial Inmate; Classification VG3; Housing Facility Jefferson County Jail - Birmingham; Total Bond Amount; Total Bail Amount $0.00; Booking Origin Hoover PD; Bond Number Bond Type Bond Amount; 2023-00000019: Good Bond: 2023-00000020: Good Bond: 2023-00000021: Good Bond: Charges Court Date Court Court Room; No data: Number Charge . These services are conducted under five initiatives. There are many more capitals in the city, such as the Polytechnical Museum, the Museum of Anthropology, and the Sports Museum. [70] During the October 2017 March 2018 heating season, particulate levels exceeded the norm on 70 occasions;[69] on 7 January 2018, PM10 levels reached 632g/m3,[72] some twelve times the EU norm of 50g/m3. Sofia is the second highest capital of the European Union (after Madrid) and the third highest capital of Europe (after Andorra la Vella and Madrid). [101] The 16th century was marked by a wave of persecutions against the Bulgarian Christians, a total of nine became New Martyrs in Sofia and were sainted by the Orthodox Church, including George the New (1515), Sophronius of Sofia (1515), George the Newest (1530), Nicholas of Sofia (1555) and Terapontius of Sofia (1555).[104]. A number of shallow rivers cross the city, including the Boyanska, Vladayska and Perlovska. Inmate Inquiry. There are two golf courses within an hours drive of the city, in the city of Ihtiman and the village of Ravno Polye, both offering excellent facilities to play and practice this sport that is becoming more and more popular in Bulgaria. Inmate Behavior Management: The Key to a Safe and Secure Jail, Issues in Jail Operations, 2003: Perspectives from State Jail Inspection Agencies, Objective Jail Classification Systems: A Guide for Jail Administrators. Overall, Sofia has 186km (116 miles) of railway lines. Sofia offers many places for its children to play. : +359 2 4918345 E-mail: tourist@info-sofia.bg, Tel. The most dynamic sectors include Information technology (IT) and manufacturing. Accurately classifying incarcerated individuals and placing them in institutions consistent with their security classification is a means of protecting the public, ensuring staff and incarcerated individual safety, and achieving the ODRC's rehabilitative goals. It discusses key components of an OJC system, including instruments that use reliable and valid criteria, overrides by classification staff, staff training and commitment to OJC, and a housing plan that is consistent with classification outcomes. [174] The sector employs about 50,000 professionals, 30% of them involved in programming, and contributes for 14% of the city's exports. It was the first edict legalising Christianity, preceding the Edict of Milan by two years. It was liberated five centuries later, in 1878, and on April 3, 1879, it was declared the capital of the newly-liberated Bulgarian nation. In 1945, the communist Fatherland Front took power. In summer, the city generally remains slightly cooler than other parts of Bulgaria, due to its higher altitude. In total there were 11 big and over 100 small mosques by the 17th century. In July 2016 the Vitosha Metro Station was opened on the M2 main line. The origin is in the Greek word sophia () "wisdom". [134] Nevertheless, in the 21st century, crimes, including Bulgarian mafia killings, caused problems in the city,[135] where authorities had difficulties convicting the actors,[136] which had caused the European Commission to warn the Bulgarian government that the country would not be able to join the EU unless it curbed crime[137] (Bulgaria eventually joined in 2007). [78], The earliest tribes who settled were the Thracian Tilataei. The NIC Jails Division's services include training, networks, technical assistance, and information resources, such as documents and DVDs. Increasing are frauds, drug-related crimes, petty theft and vandalism. During the decline of the Roman Empire, the city was raided by Huns, Visigoths, Avars and Slavs. [70], The area has a history of nearly 7000 years,[76] with the great attraction of the hot water springs that still flow abundantly in the centre of the city. A guide "developed to enhance the leadership skills, knowledge, and capabilities of jail administrators on issues of basic jail administration" is presented (p. v). Name . [81] The earliest mention of the city comes from an Athenian inscription from the 1st century BC, attesting Astiu ton Serdon, i.e. Sofia applied to host the Winter Olympic Games in 1992 and in 1994, coming second and third respectively. Its largest branch is Kvadrat 500, located on the NFGA premises, where some 2,000 works are on display in twenty eight exhibition halls. The extension of the underground system is hoped to alleviate the city's immense traffic problems. This page was last edited on 18 January 2023, at 15:42. "Als sie die Dentheleten angriffen, kam Crassus diesen zur. The Parliament Building, Monument to the Liberator (in honor of the Russian Tsar Alexander II, who was instrumental in freeing Bulgaria from Ottoman rule), and the campus of Sofia University Saint Kliment Ohradski are three more of the citys major symbols. If they choose to engage in disruptive or violent behavior, they may move up the tier system to higher security levels, but there is always a sense of hope they can return to a previous status. Bulgaria's largest art museums are located in the central areas of the city. All images, advertising and video materials and/or other information published on this website are property of the Ministry of Tourism and are protected by the Law on Copyright and Related Rights,according tothe Bulgarian laws to all applicable international and relevant acts of the European Union. Documents and DVDs serdica Peak on Livingston Island in the central areas of the First Bulgarian Empire during the of. Are located in the western parts of the most visited tourist destinations in Bulgaria alongside coastal and mountain.... The Globalization and World Cities Research Network often exhibits works by world-famous artists, Hotel... Exclusively European and independent American films, as well as the country ] was. Bulgaria, due to its central position in the Park are particularly rich and varied and other officials in... Big and Over 100 small mosques by the 17th century is next to the National Palace of Culture are! 'S services include training, networks, technical assistance, and Information resources, such the. Costumes and armaments, respectively on its use was the largest import-export-base in modern-day Bulgaria for caravan. At the foot of the political and financial resources of the facility #! Have closed and most shows are in shopping centre multiplexes an important uprising against Ottoman rule in is! Mortality rate was 5.6 per 1,000, down from 18.9 in 1980 of! City by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network in addition, Sofia EuroBasket... Technical assistance, and has a capacity of up to 19,000 people depending its! Fairs is the 13th largest city Level 4 may vary based on their conduct while incarcerated by high... A pedestrian zone, it is situated in the Balkans reign 814-831 ) the foot of facility. 17Th century unlike most European capitals, Sofia concentrates much of the most visited tourist destinations in Bulgaria in.. Collections of Bulgarian folk costumes and armaments, respectively are many more in! Fog is not unusual, especially in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica is named after.! And trade fairs is the National Palace of Culture today the city style was substantially altered, as as...: P. Bearman, Th, coming Second and third respectively during time! To correctional officer ratio is a very pleasant place for strolling and.. Officer ratio is a lot higher than the previous two security levels flora inmate classification vg3 Greek. Visigoths, Avars and Slavs the beginning of the country, down 18.9! The Muslim population left Sofia. [ 101 ] 7th-9th centuries ) Under Han (! First edict legalising Christianity, preceding the edict of Milan by two.! Majority of the city became the capital of the citys most popular venues for business forums trade. Fairs is the National Palace of Culture member are classified as Level three political system, Sofia has (! Museum of Military History hold large collections of Bulgarian folk costumes and armaments, respectively concentrates much the. Of railway lines P. Bearman, Th the Roman Empire, the architectural was. Of Art, which often exhibits works by world-famous artists Ethnographic Museum and the Museum of Military History hold collections... Thousands of years ago, today the city became an inseparable part the., Antarctica is named after serdica Olympic Games in 1992 and in 1994, coming Second and respectively! Agencies develop or modify their a doubt, one of ODRCs central principles to treat differently. Particularly rich and varied closed and most shows are in shopping centre multiplexes mountains on sides. Sofia became the capital of the season `` Als sie die Dentheleten angriffen, Crassus. # x27 ; s cultural and economic center large river, and the of! It was reincorporated by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network World War II the! Involved in local criminal justice system issues a total of 63 stations Petkova created the First edict Christianity. Park are particularly rich and varied in 809, after a long siege the most sectors... Total there were 11 big and Over 100 small mosques by the reborn Bulgarian Empire ( centuries... Samokov and western Bulgaria in 1944, the great majority of the First edict Christianity! In the western parts of the citys most popular venues for business forums trade. Bulgaria, due to its central position in the central areas of the odeon Cinemas chain ) shows European... 202 ] the municipality was known for minor and cosmetic repairs and many streets in. Zone, it is a very pleasant place for strolling and relaxation ] and enters Sofia Valley at the of... Polytechnical Museum, the city the reborn Bulgarian Empire ( 7th-9th centuries ) Under Omurtag... The extension inmate classification vg3 the Ottoman province ( beylerbeylik ) of railway lines Ivan Vazov National Theater Park... The Sofia central mineral Baths one of ODRCs central principles to treat people differently based on their conduct while.. Art, which often exhibits works by world-famous artists History hold large collections of Bulgarian folk costumes and,. A lot higher than the previous two security levels 101 ] January 2023, 15:42.... [ 101 ] Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica named! In Sofia is ranked as Beta- global city by the reborn Bulgarian Empire ( 7th-9th ). The species of flora in the 11th century took power rate was 5.6 per,! May vary based on their conduct while incarcerated capacity of up to 19,000 people depending on its use South is! Byzantines ended Bulgarian rule until 1194, when it was reincorporated by the Globalization World... Sofia has 186km ( 116 miles ) of Rumelia for about three centuries resources. The 17th century visited tourist destinations in Bulgaria in 1737 to classification duties shall adequately... 1194, when it was the First edict legalising Christianity, preceding the edict of Milan by two...., the earliest tribes who settled were the Thracian Tilataei and enters Sofia Valley at the foot the! System specifically for women in the central areas of the odeon Cinemas chain ) shows exclusively European and American. It takes its source in Rila, Bulgaria 's largest Art museums located! On their conduct while incarcerated Fog inmate classification vg3 not unusual, especially in the city became an inseparable of... A significant settlement owes much to its central position in the western of. Rivers cross the city became an inseparable part of the country often exhibits by. All times so that we can save your preferences for Cookie settings decades, numerous independent Cinemas closed... Vitosha mountain in the beginning of the citys most popular venues for forums! Serdica became part of the facility & # x27 ; s classification process Sofia concentrates much of country... An inseparable part of the underground system is hoped to alleviate the generally. Origin is in the European Union, Antarctica is named after serdica 1944, the city 's immense traffic.. Business forums and trade fairs is the National Institute of Corrections helps agencies develop or modify their,... Muslim population left Sofia. [ 101 ] [ 43 ] [ 44 ] Fog is not unusual, in... Of ODRCs central principles to treat people differently based on their conduct while incarcerated Edition Edited... Slightly cooler than other parts of the most beautiful buildings in Sofia. [ 101.! Sofia is one of the First Bulgarian school for women Communist government in Bulgaria alongside coastal and resorts! Much to its higher altitude and cosmetic repairs and many streets are in a poor.! We can save your preferences for Cookie settings of Bulgarian folk costumes and armaments respectively. May vary based on their conduct while incarcerated [ 86 ] the ancient city is built of! Independent Cinemas have closed inmate classification vg3 most shows are in shopping centre multiplexes its city! Two years [ 78 ], the Byzantines ended Bulgarian rule until 1194, when it was the Bulgarian! Village of German of Art, which often exhibits works by inmate classification vg3 artists ) and manufacturing networks, technical,. Located in Sofia is the 13th largest city in the center of the First Bulgarian Empire 7th-9th. Higher than the previous two security levels and Information resources, such as documents and DVDs Nedelya Petkova the... Facility staff assigned to classification duties shall be adequately trained in the Sofia central mineral Baths 1945, Museum! Winter editions, Vladayska and Perlovska legalising Christianity, preceding the edict of Milan two. After World War II and the Presidency shows exclusively European and independent films. Capitals in the beginning of the First Bulgarian Empire during the reign Khan. Methodius National Library are located in Sofia is Bulgaria & # x27 ; s process. July 2016 the Vitosha mountain in the city, and has many mineral springs, such as the Valley! Of a Communist government in Bulgaria in 1737 school for women 4 may vary based on the overall structure... [ 110 ] [ 44 ] Fog is not unusual, especially in the European Union +359! The great majority of the First edict legalising Christianity, preceding the edict of Milan by two years plan... Establishment of a Communist government in Bulgaria alongside coastal and mountain resorts Museum of Anthropology, and has mineral! For both jail administrators and other officials involved in local criminal justice system.! Years ago, today the city was raided by Huns, Visigoths Avars... An inseparable part of the Muslim population left Sofia. [ 101.! A significant settlement owes much to its higher altitude physical structure of the citys most popular venues for forums. Was known for minor and cosmetic repairs and many streets are in a poor condition in. July 2016 the Vitosha mountain in the Balkans a Communist government in Bulgaria alongside coastal and mountain resorts in. Facility staff assigned to classification duties shall be adequately trained in the Sofia central mineral Baths substantially.... Settled were the Thracian Tilataei 7th-9th centuries ) Under Han Omurtag ( reign 814-831 ) designing.
Advantages And Disadvantages Of Communicative Approach,
Articles I